Investigation on the seawater desalination techniques and operating principles

Τίτλος

Investigation on the seawater desalination techniques and operating principles

Θέμα

Nanofiltration

Seawater--Distillation

Nanostructured materials

Δημιουργός

Kyprianou, Nicos

Πηγή

Higher Technical Institute

Το πλήρες κείμενο είναι διαθέσιμο από το Υπουργείο Ενέργειας, Εμπορίου Βιομηχανίας και Τουρισμού.

Εκδότης

Library of Cyprus University of Technology

Ημερομηνία

2001

Συνεισφέρων

Angastiniotis, Nicos

Δικαιώματα

Απαγορεύεται η δημοσίευση ή αναπαραγωγή, ηλεκτρονική ή άλλη χωρίς τη γραπτή συγκατάθεση του δημιουργού και κάτοχου των πνευματικών δικαιωμάτων.

Μορφή

pdf

Γλώσσα

en

Τύπος

text

Αναγνωριστικό

MED0515

Σύνοψη

Membrane separation processes have been used for years, but they have not come to play an important role in producing potable water supplies until the past 10 years. RO (reverse osmosis) and ED (electrodialysis) are replacing phase change desalting technologies for supplying water to coastal and island communities all over the world. Nanofiltration is becoming an economical alternative to the traditional water softening processes. As membrane separations become more widely understood, more applications will be found for them. This project will shed some light on these processes: how membranes are made; what makes them different; what types of membranes are available today; what is the cost of membrane processes and finally it will propose a unique process to fabricate membranes from nanostructured composites. This initiative has remarkable implications especially if you consider that the cost of the membranes is a third of the cost of the desalination units and must be replaced at least every 3 to 5 years under normal operation.
The initiation of this project falls within the activities of the Nanomaterials Research Center (NRC), a newly established center at HTI, which serves as a bridge for technology transfer between HTI and the technology users (industry at large). The primary mission of NRC is to develop new methods for the economical production of nanostructured metals, ceramics, and their composites.
Under this center, two operating divisions have been established, each with its own application goal(s) and commercialization strategy:
1. nanopowders synthesis, which is commercializing high rate production of nonagglomerated
nanoparticles and
2. large area deposition of coatings and consolidation of net-shaped parts. Both of the divisions focus on the commercialization of advanced materials processes for enhanced mechanical and thermal properties.
Current programs are focused on methods for the production of nanostructured powders, nanophase coatings (wear resistant surfaces, thennaI barriers, selective surfaces for solar thennaI and photovoltaic fabrications, semi-permeable membranes) and nanophase composites (gas turbine engines, bulletproofvests and porous membranes).