The application of solar desalination for water purification in Cyprus

Τίτλος

The application of solar desalination for water purification in Cyprus

Θέμα

Desalination and water purification

Solar stills

Δημιουργός

Kalogirou, Soteris A.

Πηγή

Higher Technical Institute

Το πλήρες κείμενο είναι διαθέσιμο από το Υπουργείο Ενέργειας, Εμπορίου Βιομηχανίας και Τουρισμού.

Εκδότης

Library of Cyprus University of Technology

Ημερομηνία

1995

Συνεισφέρων

Lloyd, Stephen

Δικαιώματα

Απαγορεύεται η δημοσίευση ή αναπαραγωγή, ηλεκτρονική ή άλλη χωρίς τη γραπτή συγκατάθεση του δημιουργού και κάτοχου των πνευματικών δικαιωμάτων.

Μορφή

pdf

Γλώσσα

en

Τύπος

text

Αναγνωριστικό

MED0599

Σύνοψη

This thesis initially reports on the water resources of Cyprus. From this analysis the need for desalination systems to provide fresh water, is established.
A survey of solar desalination systems shows that there are two broad categories of such systems; namely direct and indirect collection systems. The latter type is adopted and a multiple effect process is selected due to its low energy consumption, low equipment cost, simple sea-water treatment requirement and its suitability for variable steam supply conditions.
The design of a parabolic trough collector system is presented based on previous work. Special consideration is given to the radiation intensity distribution on the collector receiver and the mode of tracking selection. The E-W horizontal mode is selected due to its small shadowing effects. Computer programs are developed for all the above analyses and for modelling of the steam generation system. The design of the complete desalination system is also presented.
The collector performance tests show that the test slope and intercept are 0.387 and 0.638 respectively. The preliminary tests indicate the need to reduce start-up energy requirements. A modelling program is developed to optimise the design of the system's flash vessel and this is validated for both steady state and transient conditions. The optimum flash vessel dimensions and capacity reduced the system preheat energy by 30%.
An economic analysis of the collector system is carried out followed by a feasibility study of using the system in a number of applications. It is shown that the system could be viable for the two larger applications (hotel and village) with a water price below 0.89 C£/m3
It is also shown that it is not cost effective to operate the system solely on solar energy due to a combination of the high system cost and the high percentage of inactive time.